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Different Types of Welding Processes and Their Detailed Explanation


Among the various techniques that are used for welding, butt fusion welding and electrofusion welding are the most commercially viable than others.

It is believed that a pipe is as strong as its weakest point. Therefore, when it comes to joining two pipes together, it has to be made sure that the joint is strong and effective as well. Joining tow HDPE pipes is the process that is performed by HDPE Pipes Manufacturers in Andhra Pradesh through melting or mechanical process.

Here’s a detailed explanation of both the processes used for welding of pipes -

Butt Fusion Welding –

Butt fusion welding is presently the most popular type of method that is used for adjoining two pipes. It is a thermo-fusion process that particularly involves joining two ends of the pipe by heating them simultaneously enabling them to reach the state of melting.

Both the ends are pushed toward each other under certain pressure enabling them to get welded quite firmly. The whole process is termed as fusion and using this technique, pipes up to 1200mm can be adjoined or welded.

In order to make the process of welding successful, following conditions are required to be fulfilled –
  • The hot plate should be clean and grease free and it should be heated up to the temperature of 210C.
  • Make sure the brackets and the support of both the pipes are perfectly aligned to ensure proper welding of the two.
  • The clamps of both the pipes should be adjusted in the most desirable manner so that they remain firm while withstanding the force generated from welding.
  • To make sure that welding process goes smoothly, it is to be made sure press the pipes against the plate that supplements the process of welding.
  • The welding pressure should be maintained at a steady rate so as to enable proper adjoining of the two panels.
  • Once the process of heat soaking is completed, make sure the heater plate is removed on time in order to ensure that the heater plate does not touch the surface.
  • On completion of the process, remove the joint for inspecting the weld, you should ignore irregular seam formed during the welding.
Electro Fusion Welding –

Another technique that employs the technique of heat fusion to weld HDPE pipes is that of electrofusion welding. Although this process of adjoining of two panels is not as popular as Butt welding, it highly developed and cost-effective as well.

The process of joining two ends of HDPE’s involves utilization of heat that is generated from electric current. This aids in melting of the wall of the pipe as well as their surface. Since the process of electrofusion is highly engrossing, it makes the joint purely homogenous resulting in a much better end product than the pipe itself.

Due to the versatile nature of the process, HDPE pipes manufacturers make use of this technique to weld pipes of a different thickness having properties other than PE piping. However, to ensure that the desired result is obtained in the process of melting, it is important to make sure that the melt flow index is compatible along with raw material density.

Some necessary conditions that must be looked after to ensure proper weld –
  • To get the desired result, make sure to use perfectly clean and reliable equipment.
  • Inspect the welded section by performing mechanical tests on it and ensuring safety parameters.
  • it is important to cut the pipe at 90 degrees along the axis of the pipe. Apart from this, it is important that you clean the scrapped area involving the fitting or the pipe.
  • The pipe should be inserted carefully to the electrofusion fitting and in case of larger diameters make sure the pipe is tapped around the face with the aid of the plastic hammer to complete insertion.

Once inserted, wait for the pipe cool down and then check the quality of the fusion.

Summary – Among the various techniques that are used for welding of HDPE pipes, butt fusion welding and electrofusion welding are the most commercially viable than others.

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